Why is GCC using std::string instead of std::__cxx11::basic_string
this is not a duplicate of this because i am already using different versions. Please read the question and explanation before marking as a duplicate in 2 seconds. thank you for your patience and understanding I also do not think that this question is a duplicate as it still does not explain why is GCC's behaviour is like this, but more addresses the differences between gcc and g++.
I have manually installed GCC8.2.0 and compiled it from source and everything seemed to have worked out fine. Added the directory to /etc/ld.so.conf and ran again ldconfig. However when i test it, it is still using the old libstdc++ library. What am i missing?
#include <iostream> #include <string> int main() { std::string hey = "hello"; std::cout<<hey<<" world"<<std::endl; return 0; } gcc -D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1 test.cpp -std=c++17 -lstdc++ --verbose -o test -Wl,--verbose >link.txt Compilation output:
Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=/usr/local/gcc8.2/bin/gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: /root/gcc-8.2.0/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc8.2 --disable-multilib --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads Thread model: posix gcc version 8.2.0 (GCC) COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' /usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/cc1plus -quiet -v -D_GNU_SOURCE -D _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1 test.cpp -quiet -dumpbase test.cpp -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase test -std=c++17 -version -o /tmp/cctBaif9.s GNU C++17 (GCC) version 8.2.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 8.2.0, GMP version 6.0.0, MPFR version 3.1.1, MPC version 1.0.1, isl version none GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/include" #include "..." search starts here: #include <...> search starts here: /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../include/c++/8.2.0 /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../include/c++/8.2.0/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../include/c++/8.2.0/backward /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/include /usr/local/include /usr/local/gcc8.2/include /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/include-fixed /usr/include End of search list. GNU C++17 (GCC) version 8.2.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 8.2.0, GMP version 6.0.0, MPFR version 3.1.1, MPC version 1.0.1, isl version none GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 Compiler executable checksum: ffbbe768b373e36d4dbebee8b6dad361 COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' as -v --64 -o /tmp/ccY7GV78.o /tmp/cctBaif9.s GNU assembler version 2.30 (x86_64-redhat-linux) using BFD version version 2.30-47.el7 COMPILER_PATH=/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/ LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/../lib64/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/ COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' /usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/collect2 -plugin /usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccuLLh38.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_x86_64 -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -o test /lib/../lib64/crt1.o /lib/../lib64/crti.o /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtbegin.o -L/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0 -L/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64 -L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../.. /tmp/ccY7GV78.o -lstdc++ --verbose -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtend.o /lib/../lib64/crtn.o COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' Relevant part of the linking process:
attempt to open /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/libstdc++.so failed attempt to open /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/libstdc++.a failed attempt to open /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so succeeded -lstdc++ (/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so) ls -lah /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 25 14:07 /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so -> libstdc++.so.6.0.25 Problem:
nm -C a.out |grep string U std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(char const*, std::allocator<char> const&)@@GLIBCXX_3.4 U std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()@@GLIBCXX_3.4 U std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)@@GLIBCXX_3.4 Why is this linking with such an old GLIBCXX_3.4, and how do I convince gcc (when called as gcc) to use the std::string I want it to?
